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By Chris A. Quilpa
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While summer is “heating” up across our land, we must equip ourselves with the knowledge and basic skills to prevent, protect, and save ourselves and others from calamities, disasters, or any unexpected occurrences involving lives and property.

With the summer weather in full swing, prolonged exposure to heat and humidity without relief or adequate fluid intake can cause various heat-related illnesses, such as heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heat stroke. Children, the elderly, and even pets are vulnerable to these illnesses if left unchecked.

According to Johns Hopkins Medicine, heat cramps are the mildest form of heat illness. They consist of painful muscle cramps, especially in the legs, with flushed, moist skin that occurs during or after intense exercise and sweating in high heat.

Heat exhaustion is more severe than heat cramps resulting from a loss of water and salt in the body. It occurs in extreme heat conditions and excessive sweating without adequate liquid and salt replacement. Likewise, it occurs when the body cannot cool properly and, if left untreated, can progress to heat stroke.

Heat stroke, the most severe form of heat illness, occurs when the body’s heat-regulating system is overwhelmed by excessive heat. It is a life-threatening emergency and requires immediate medical attention. 

Water activities are common during summer. Whether swimming in a community pool or a private one, on a beach, or fishing on a lake or a river, a readily accessible life vest is a must. Besides having a lifeguard present, sunscreen is also recommended. 

Parents and children must always be on the lookout while under the sun. Parents or guardians must ensure that the young kids under their care and protection are always well-behaved while outdoors.

Safety is everyone’s concern whether you’re indoors or outdoors. Have a safe and enjoyable summer!

CHRIS A. QUILPA, a retired U.S. Navy (Hospital Corpsman) veteran, lives in Suffolk. Email him at chris.a.quilpa@gmail.com.